Nerve Injury

Sensory Nerves and Tendon Reflexes

Burning, numbness, tingling, and pain can be felt in the back, lower back,  legs, and feet. A lot of times these symptoms spread out/radiate from one part of the body into another area. Sciatica is an example of pain that radiates into an extremity, in this case, the back of the leg. Nerves originate from the spine and are divided/separated into sensory and motor nerves. The sensory nerve/s give the sensation to the skin known as dermatomes. Dermatomal patterns act as a map of the body.

 

 

Example: Dermatomes on the torso of the body react to the thoracic spinal nerve roots, the arms react to the cervical spine nerve roots, and the legs react to the lumbar spinal nerve roots.

Dermatome Location – Corresponding Spine Level

  • Shoulders – C4, C5
  • Inner/Outer Forearms – C6, and T1
  • Thumbs and Little Fingers – C6, C7, C8
  • Front of Thighs – L2
  • Middle, Sides of Both Calves – L4, L5
  • Little Toes – S1

A physician might use a piece of cotton, a swab, pin, or paperclip to test the symmetrical feelings in the arms and legs. Abnormal responses could be a sign of a nerve root problem.

 

Tendon Reflexes

Most individuals have experienced a physician tapping the knees with a rubber hammer. The normal response is a kick. This is a reflex, which is an involuntary muscular response generated by the hammer tapping the tendon. When the reflex responses do not present, this could mean that the spinal cord, nerve root, peripheral nerve, or muscle has been injured/damaged in some way. Absent reflexes are also clues to other conditions/injuries. An abnormal reflex response could also be caused by a disruption of the sensory (feeling) or motor (movement) nerves and sometimes both. Determining where the neural problem might be, a physician will test reflexes in various parts of the body.

Reflex Tested Areas – Corresponding Spine Level

  • Upper Arm Biceps  – C5-C6 Cervical Spine
  • Forearm Distal Radius – C6-C7
  • Elbow Triceps – C7
  • Abdominal – T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, Thoracic
  • Knees/Thighs Patellar, Quadriceps –  L3, L4 Lumbar
  • Ankles – S1 Sacral

Neurological Exams for Neck/Back Pain

 

 

Muscle Strength/Tone

Muscle strength and tone measurements are another way to diagnose nerve deficits. Depending on the symptoms/condition/injury/s there are different ways to evaluate muscle strength:

  • Stepping on a stool
  • Standing on the heels
  • Standing on the toes
  • Hopping in place
  • Performing knee bends
  • Gripping an item in each hand

Muscle strength is graded and recorded in the patient’s chart.

 

 

A physician will test the body’s muscle tone by passively flexing and extending the arms and legs. Normal muscle tone will respond with a slight resistance to passive motion. Other movements test for proximal (trunk/torso) and distal (distant) weakness. Muscle symmetry is also taken into account.

Neurological Tests

If necessary a spine specialist might order neurological studies like a Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) or Electromyogram (EMG), to measure nerve performance.

Imaging Studies

MRI and/or CT scans of the spine can be ordered to help the spine specialist/chiropractor make a correct diagnosis, as well as help in creating a plan of treatment.

Conclusion

A neurological exam, along with a mechanical examination consisting of movement of the arms, legs, and torso, can significantly help doctors in making the correct diagnosis. Examination results are then correlated with the patient’s history, illness, and diagnostic studies. Once the diagnosis is made an appropriate treatment plan is discussed. This will begin with non-surgical strategies but if those fail, then surgical intervention could be considered.


Peripheral Neuropathy Treatment

 


 

Post Disclaimer

Professional Scope of Practice *

The information herein on "Sensory Nerves and Tendon Reflexes" is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional.

Blog Information & Scope Discussions

Our information scope is limited to Chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, contributing etiological viscerosomatic disturbances within clinical presentations, associated somatovisceral reflex clinical dynamics, subluxation complexes, sensitive health issues, and/or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions.

We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.*

Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez, DC, or contact us at 915-850-0900.

We are here to help you and your family.

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Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, RN*, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed as a Doctor of Chiropractic (DC) in Texas & New Mexico*
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Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, RN* CIFM*, IFMCP*, ATN*, CCST
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Specialties: Stopping the PAIN! We Specialize in Treating Severe Sciatica, Neck-Back Pain, Whiplash, Headaches, Knee Injuries, Sports Injuries, Dizziness, Poor Sleep, Arthritis. We use advanced proven therapies focused on optimal mobility, posture control, health Instruction, functional fitness, and structural conditioning. In addition, we use effective "Patient Focused Diet Plans," Specialized Chiropractic Techniques, Mobility-Agility Training, Cross-Fit Protocols, and the Premier "PUSH Functional Fitness System" to treat patients suffering from various injuries and health problems. Ultimately, I am here to serve my patients and community as a Chiropractor, passionately restoring functional life and facilitating living through increased mobility.

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